Artificial Intelligence Applications in Engineering (MUH-920), week 14 of 14: interactive lab

Learning to act and deciding responsibly

Prof. Dr. Utku Kose, Süleyman Demirel University

Part A trains a Q-learning thermostat in the room model of Week 1 and compares it with the hysteresis rule; the learned policy is shown as a table of actions over temperature and heater state [1]. Part B places eight engineering AI systems into the risk categories of the EU AI Act [2], and Part C matches project activities to the four functions of the NIST AI Risk Management Framework [3].

Part A: A thermostat that learns

Learned policy (green = heater on)

Part B: EU AI Act risk categories

Part C: NIST AI RMF functions

References

[1] Watkins, C. J. C. H., & Dayan, P. (1992). Q-learning. Machine Learning, 8(3-4), 279-292. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00992698

[2] European Parliament and Council of the European Union (2024). Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act). Official Journal of the European Union, L series, 12 July 2024. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/oj

[3] National Institute of Standards and Technology (2023). Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0), NIST AI 100-1. NIST. https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.AI.100-1

[4] Sutton, R. S., & Barto, A. G. (2018). Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction (2nd ed.). MIT Press.

[5] Raissi, M., Perdikaris, P., & Karniadakis, G. E. (2019). Physics-informed neural networks: A deep learning framework for solving forward and inverse problems involving nonlinear partial differential equations. Journal of Computational Physics, 378, 686-707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2018.10.045

[6] Grieves, M., & Vickers, J. (2017). Digital twin: Mitigating unpredictable, undesirable emergent behavior in complex systems. In Transdisciplinary Perspectives on Complex Systems (F.-J. Kahlen, S. Flumerfelt, & A. Alves, Eds.) (pp. 85-113). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38756-7_4

[7] Tao, F., Zhang, H., Liu, A., & Nee, A. Y. C. (2019). Digital twin in industry: State-of-the-art. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 15(4), 2405-2415. https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2018.2873186

[8] Towers, M., Kwiatkowski, A., Terry, J., et al. (2024). Gymnasium: A standard interface for reinforcement learning environments. arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.17032. https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.17032